Nominative case
sing.: nom.stem  plur.: gen.stem + d

• The nominative case is used when the noun is the subject (or predicate) of the sentence.
• The nominative form is the base form, which is used in dictionary listings.

Genitive case
sing.: gen.stem  plur.: part.stem + de

• The genitive case is used when the noun is in possision of another. Analogous to the english "'s".
• The genitive form is created by the addition of a special vowel to the stem. There are many exceptions to this formation. (ex: "son" - poeg becomes poja)
• The genitive form is the base for the nominative plural.
• The genitive form is also the base for all singular forms other than the nominative and partitive.

Partitive case
sing.: part.stem  plur.: part.plural

• The partitive case is used mainly for partial sujbects. As in " I don't have any apples"
• The partitive case is also used after numbers other than one.
• Both the partitive singular and plural forms usually have their own special forms which must be learnt when learning the nominative form.
• The partitive singular form is the base for all plural forms other than the nominative.

Illative case
sing.: gen.stem + sse  plur.: part.stem + de + sse

• The illative case is used to show something else is going inside of it. (into the world)
• Many nouns ending in a vowel have a special short form in this case (ex: maja becomes majja)

Inesive case
sing.: gen.stem + s  plur.: part.stem + de + s

• The inesive case is used to show something else rests inside of it. (in the world)

Elative case
sing.: gen.stem + st  plur.: part.stem + de + st

• The elative case is used to show something else is going outside of it, or made from it. (out of the world)
• The elative case is also used to show the noun is being talked about (about the world)

Allative case
sing.: gen.stem + le  plur.: part.stem + de + le

• The allative case is used to show something else is going ontop of it. (onto the world)

Adessive case
sing.: gen.stem + l  plur.: part.stem + de + l

• The adessive case is used to show something else rests ontop of it. (on the world)

Ablative case
sing.: gen.stem + lt  plur.: part.stem + de + lt

• The illative case is used to show something else is going from the top of it. (off the world)

Translative case
sing.: gen.stem + ks  plur.: part.stem + de + ks

• The translative case is used to show something is becoming this noun. (becoming the world)
• The translative case is also used as a short form of the postposition 'jaoks' to show what something is for. (for the world)

Terminative case
sing.: gen.stem + ni  plur.: part.stem + de + ni

• The translative case is used to show how far something is going. (as far as the world)

Essive case
sing.: gen.stem + na  plur.: part.stem + de + na

• The essive case is used to show what something is used as. (as the world)

Comitative case
sing.: gen.stem + ga  plur.: part.stem + de + ga

• The comitative case is used to show something is with something else. (with the world)

Abessive case
sing.: gen.stem + ta  plur.: part.stem + de + ta

• The abessive case is used to show something is without something else. (without the world)